Definition and Examples of Euphemistic Language

Euphemism is the substitution of an inoffensive expression (such as passed away) for one considered offensively explicit (died or dropped dead). Contrast with dysphemism. Adjective: euphemistic. In his Oxford Dictionary of Euphemisms (2007), R.W. Holder notes that in speech or writing we use euphemism for dealing with taboo or sensitive subjects. It is therefore the language of evasion, hypocrisy, prudery, and deceit. According to Ruth Wajnryb, Euphemisms have a short shelf life—once the stigma of the original catches up to them, the battery that runs the euphemistic device goes flat. The only way forward is to invent a new euphemism (Expletive Deleted: A Good Look at Bad Language, 2005). Etymology: From the Greek, use of good words Commentary Examples:  Pre-owned for used or second-hand; enhanced interrogation for torture; industrial action for strike; misspoke for lie; tactical withdrawal for retreat; revenue augmentation for raising taxes; wind for belch or fart; convenience fee for surcharge; courtesy reminder for bill; unlawful combatant for prisoner of warUnfortunately for the CIA, enhanced interrogation turned out to be a translation of the same euphemism used by the Gestapo: verschà ¤rfte Vernehmung. (Scott Horton, Company Men. Harpers, April 2015 Dan Foreman: Guys, I feel very terrible about what Im about to say. But Im afraid youre both being let go.Lou: Let go? What does that mean?Dan Foreman: It means youre being fired, Louie. (In Good Company, 2004 Mr. Prince: Well see you when you get back from image enhancement camp.Martin Prince: Spare me your euphemisms! Its fat camp, for Daddys chubby little secret. (Kamp Krusty, The Simpsons, 1992) Paul Kersey: Youve got a prime figure. You really have, you know.Joann a Kersey: Thats a euphemism for fat. (Death Wish, 1974)The reconstruction of New Orleans has become a euphemism for the destruction of the citys cultural and historic heritage. (Ghali Hassan, 2006The more syllables a euphemism has, the further divorced from reality it is. (George CarlinWardrobe malfunction. (Justin Timberlakes description of his tearing of Janet Jacksons costume during a half-time performance at Super Bowl XXXVIII)Americans continually euphemize; they can never call anything by its name. You never invade anybody, you commit an incursion. (Gore Vidal, quoted in the Transatlantic Review, Spring 1975) Dont Panic The economic classification  recession was actually invented in 1937 when the economy was back in the toilet but FDR didnt want to call it a depression. And the description depression first surfaced during the Hoover administration, a substitute for a more vivid but disconcerting term of art: panic.(Anna Quindlen, Summertime Blues. Newsweek, July 7/14, 2008) Testing for Euphemisms In selecting euphemistic words and phrases I have accepted [Henry] Fowlers definition: Euphemism means the use of a mild or vague or periphrastic expression as a substitute for blunt precision or disagreeable use (Modern English Usage, 1957). A second test is that the euphemistic word or phrase once meant, or prima facie still means, something else. If that were not so, it would be no more than a synonym. (R.W. Holder, Oxford Dictionary of Euphemisms. Oxford University Press, 2007) Steven Pinker and Joseph Wood Krutch on the Euphemism Treadmill - Linguists are familiar with the phenomenon, which may be called the euphemism treadmill. People invent new words for emotionally charged referents, but soon the euphemism becomes tainted by association, and a new word must be found, which soon acquires its own connotations, and so on. Water closet becomes toilet (originally a term for any kind of body care, as in toilet kit and toilet water), which becomes bathroom, which becomes restroom, which becomes lavatory. Undertaker changes to mortician, which changes to funeral director...The euphemism treadmill shows that concepts, not words, are primary in peoples minds. Give a concept a new name, and the name becomes colored by the concept; the concept does not become freshened by the name, at least not for long. Names for minorities will continue to change as long as people have negative attitudes toward them. We will know that we have achieved mutual respect when the names stay put. (Steven Pinker, The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial o f Human Nature. Viking Penguin, 2002)- Any euphemism ceases to be euphemistic after a time and the true meaning begins to show through. Its a losing game, but we keep on trying. (Joseph Wood Krutch, If You Dont Mind My Saying So, 1964) Euphemisms, Dysphemisms, and Orthophemisms During the Cold War of 1946-89, NATO had a deterrent (euphemism) against the Russian threat (dysphemism). In the mid 1980s the USSR claimed to have been invited (euphemism) into Afghanistan; the Americans claimed that the Russians were aggressors (dysphemism) there. We get invited in; they are aggressors; the orthophemism is take military action in a foreign land. (Keith Allen and Kate Burridge, Forbidden Words: Taboo and the Censoring of Language. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2006) Euphemisms During the Victorian Era In the mid-19th century, the human form and its functions were so taboo that any words even hinting that people had bodies were banished from polite discourse. It became impossible to mention legs--you had to use limb, or even better, lower extremity. You couldnt ask for the breast of a chicken, but instead had to request the bosom, or make a choice between white and dark meat. Nor could you talk about trousers. There were numerous euphemisms instead, including inexpressibles, indescribables, unmentionables, inexplicables and continuations. Charles Dickens made fun of this extreme delicacy in Oliver Twist, when Giles the butler describes how he got out of bed and drew on a pair of . . .. Ladies present, Mr. Giles, warns another character. (Melissa Mohr, By Gods Nails: Careful How You Curse. The Wall Street Journal, April 20-21, 2013) In Defense of Euphemisms Euphemisms are not, as many young people think, useless verbiage for that which can and should be said bluntly; they are like secret agents on a delicate mission, they must airily pass by a stinking mess with barely so much as a nod of the head, make their point of constructive criticism and continue on in calm forbearance. Euphemisms are unpleasant truths wearing diplomatic cologne. (Quentin Crisp, Manners from Heaven, 1984) Transforming Schools During one of many anti-austerity protests last summer, more than 1,000 people rallied to oppose Philadelphias plans to transform schools, a pleasant euphemism generally meaning school closures and mass layoffs. (Allison Kilkenny, The Fight for Phillys Schools. The Nation, February 18, 2013) Crazy Crazy (and hence crazed and cracked) originally meant cracked, flawed, damaged (cp. crazy paving) and was applicable to all manner of illness; but it has now narrowed to mental illness. It captures the stereotypical mental patient as someone flawed, deficient (cf. mentally deficient), and is the basis for many euphemistic expressions for madness: crack-brained, scatter-brained, shatter-brained; head case, nutcase, bonkers, wacko, wacky; falling to pieces; have a (nervous) breakdown; unhinged; having a screw/tile/slate loose; one brick short of a load, not a full load; not playing with a full deck, three cards short of a full deck; one sandwich short of a picnic; two bob short of a quid, not the full quid; his elevator doesnt go to the top floor; a shingle short; and perhaps hes lost his marbles. (Keith Allen and Kate Burridge, Euphemism and Dysphemism: Language Used as a Shield and Weapon. Oxford University Press, 1991) The Lighter Side of Euphemisms Dr. House: Im busy.Thirteen: We need you to . . .Dr. House: Actually, as you can see, Im not busy. Its just a euphemism for get the hell out of here.(Dying Changes Everything, House, M.D.)Dr. House: Who were you going to kill in Bolivia? My old housekeeper?Dr. Terzi: We dont kill anyone.Dr. House: Im sorry--who were you going to marginalize?(Whatever It Takes, House, M.D.) Further Reading Visual EuphemismWhy Do We Use Euphemisms?Biased LanguageBowdlerismCacophemismFifty Reasons Youll Never Be Told, Youre FiredGenteelismGeorge Carlins Essential DrivelGrawlixHow to Flatter an Audience With Euphemisms, Dysphemisms, and  DistinctioIndirectnessMinced OathNever Say Die: Euphemisms for DeathOrthophemismParadiastolePejorative LanguageRestauranteseSoft LanguageTaboo LanguageTitle InflationTop 20 Figures of SpeechUnder the Flapdoodle Tree: Doublespeak, Soft Language, and GobbledygookVerbosityWhat Are Weasel Words?

Human Resource Management And Organizational Success

Abstract The author’s purpose for this paper is to broaden the readers understanding of the role human resource management plays within the context of both employee and organizational success. This paper begins with a look at the historical roots that lay the foundation for the growing need of human resource management (HRM). Some histories believe that HRM can be traced back to medieval times while other argue that human resources functions were not clearly grouped together and identified until the early 1900’s. Human resource management is an accumulation of many different theories and practices. Management, psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics all have a place within the practice of human resource management. Motivation theory attempts to explain what factors play an integral part in the daily decisions employees and manager make including showing up for work, deciding on the amount of effort to exert at work, and cultural dynamics within the organization. The second part of this paper use comparison and contrast to identify and better understand organizational theories of motivation. Lastly, an organizational issue related to motivation will be presented and the use of previously learned outcomes will be applied in an attempt to solve the problem in the most effective way possible. Keywords: Human resources, management, human resource development, motivation, organizational strategy THE ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT History The late 18th centuryShow MoreRelatedTraining Needs Assessment, Evaluation, Success, And Organizational Strategy And Effectiveness1035 Words   |  5 Pages1. Anderson, J.E. (2000). Training needs assessment, evaluation, success, and organizational strategy and effectiveness: An exploration of the relationships. (Doctoral dissertation, Utah State University. Logan, UT). 2. Appelbaum, S.H., Ayre, H. Shapiro, B.T. (2002). Career management in information technology: A case study. 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Climate Change Affects People And The Atmosphere Every Day

As people live their lives every day, climate change is currently happening. Climate change is the shifting of normal weather patterns, which can cause the environment to become unbalanced. The greenhouse effect plays a major role in climate change, and it consists of four types of gases: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and flourished gases. These greenhouse gases help trap heat on Earth, but yet the carbon dioxide levels are increasing, and this can damage the cycle of the greenhouse effect. Climate change affects people and the atmosphere every day. Many people do not realize that current climate change can cause huge problems in the future; people need to find solutions in order to get climate change under control. Climate change is a major issue in the world. As the population increases, more resources are required to supply basic human needs. The resources such as oil, coal, and natural gas are essential in human lives. 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Is Animal Farm Related to the Soviet Union Essays - 870 Words

Did you know that â€Å"Animal Farm† has a correlation with the Soviet Union? For instance, Mr. Phil Kington of Foxwood and Mr. Federick represent the leaders of England and Germany. Napoleon and Snowball each represent Joseph Stalin and Leon Frotsky. Mr. Jones represents the Kest-czar in Russia. With that being said, it is quite evident that conflict has a major part to do with â€Å"The Animal Farm†, whether it’s the fighting with the owner Mr. Jones, the constant fighting with the pigs and other animals, or within the pigs themselves. The animals fighting with Mr. Jones have a major part with conflict in the story. Old Major, an award winning boar, brings the animals of the Manor Farm together for an assembly inside the big barn. He shares†¦show more content†¦Snowball works at teaching the animals to be literate, and Napoleon takes a group of young pups to instruct them on the ideologies of Animalism. 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Finance on CAPM Empirical Investigation

Question: Discuss about the Finance on CAPM for Empirical Investigation. Answer: Introduction: The purpose of this report is to develop a strategic plan for a financial project based on Ghana stock exchange. The strategic plan of the business involves the explanation of the purpose, vision and mission. The aim of strategic management is to establish a feasible plan for business operations will aim to improve the long and medium term objectives of a particular organization. The mission and vision values set for the selected company looks forward to improve the overall milestones and objectives set for the company. The strategic objective also acts a platform and basic set of rules for competing with the market forces and be among the top set of companies for the purpose of being a market leader in a particular segment. The various analysis conducted on the financial part is based on the evidence from five scholarly resources. The name of the organization selected for the purpose of evaluation is Kantanka SUV. It is a car making company listed under Ghana Stock exchange (WORK et al., 2014). The latter part of the report aims to provide a financial analysis to compare the Chen- Zhang, three factor model and Fama-French three factor model. The result comparison is based on the empirical investigation of both the three factor models on the basis of quantitative analysis. The purpose of this evaluation is to test the superiority of the models to predict the returns of a particular portfolio particularly in the scenario of the Ghanaian Stock exchange. (Swayne et al., 2012). Formulation of Strategic plan Mission Statement of Kantanka SUV We at Kantanka SUV aim to provide economic, safe and environmental friendly vehicles which can be afforded by people of all categories and set an example for production of world class. The cars are electronically made to reduce environmental emission. The company aims to produce cars at a range which includes both electric saloon and electric four weeler driverss. Vision Statement Our innovative strategic ideas will help Kantanka SUV motors as a leading brand in the segment of economic and electronic cars models. The various strategies at Kantanka SUV will aim to showcase the rapidly improving economic, social and ecological environment and add to the overall development of strategy formulation of the company in future. The outcomes of various strategies will help the company to prepare itself for a long-term goal. Milestones set for the company The milestones of the company include the following highlights: The company aims to be the top manufacturer of electronically boosted car in order to reduce the emission level. The company aims to set a record by being on the top of the list that is publishes its achievement in sports car magazines such as Octane magazine, overdrive, top gear, luxury auto direct, auto express and automobile magazine. To be among the best brands of the car makers who are known for providing and manufacturing environmentally safe and sound models of car which will be based on providing more mileage and lesser amount of pollution In this way the company will be able to contribute in a positive a way to the society (Cova et al., 2015) The company also aims to be among the top contender for maintaining the lower level of prices for all types of car model. Katanka Suv want to be among the well known contenders for being able to present the most environmental effective car models by introducing such varieties of cars models which will be operated on battery and electricity charging. In this way the company will be able to reduce the level the pollution in the society and responsible for production of more cost effective car models. (Vervaeke Calabrese2015). The company also aims to fulfill the corporate social responsibility to execute social goals of the corporation. In order to achieve this objective, the company aims to reduce the waste involved in the manufacturing process and also dispose them in proper conditions for the welfare of the society (Drauz, 2013). Katanka Suv aims to achieve the highest manufacturing standards by reducing the rate of emission involved in environmental by manufacturing cars which will be electronically powered. This can be achieved by application of various techniques such as six sigma which aims at quality of the manufacturing process of the company and significantly reduce the rate of error of the in the production of the car parts of the company (Fawcett Fawcett, 2013) The long-term goal and strategy of the company also includes emerging as market leader as a producer for the best type of engine in order to reduce the dependency on fuel and using of green technology in all the car models. Present objective of the company aims at incorporation of Euro 5 engines in all the models manufactured at Katanka Suv (Maniak et al., 2014). The milestone of the company also involves setting a competitive price based on the present marketing pricing standards in the car models. The main competitor of Katanka Suv includes carmakers such as Honda, Hyundai, Ford, Kia, Toyota, Volkswagen and Suzuki. The various types of corporate strategy framed by the company are aimed to compete with the above mentioned competitors (Balcet et al., 2013). The main objective of the company is to be among the top car makers for the purpose of developing cars which will be powered by long lasting batteries and will be electronically boosted by the manufacturer for the both economic and both premium class of cars, which can be afforded by all categories of the people in the society (Chorafas, 2015). Portfolio test of model The portfolio test of model is based on the outcomes of two test one being the Fama-French three factor model and the other model being the Chen- Zhang, three factor model. According to the regression analysis of the Fama-French three factor model. The average slope of the market was observed as 0.758391 and this stated the excess return associated with the portfolio. The slopes of the associated BTM are significant at 0.1%, and the portfolio significance level has been observed as 1%. The average of the adjusted R-square value has been observed as 0.5567 and it had been also observed that BL portfolio had the highest R-square 0.626465. The overall analysis shows that larger firms with lower amount of BTM (Book to market ratio) are better explained by the FFTFM in the compare to the smaller firms with higher amount of BTM. The three factor model take into consideration the factors such as market factor, size of the firm and BTM factor while calculating the capital asset pricing model . The Fama-French three factor model takes into consideration the three factors such as market factor, size of the firm and BTM factor hence it is more suited for determining the share price. (Acheampong Swanzy 2015). The Chen- Zhang, three factor model has shown the variation in the share prices by market forces up to 8%. The beta value shows the risk free rate of the share value. The coefficient of the risk free rate has been observed as 0.008387416. The alpha value shows the fluctuations in the risk factor of the portfolio, this value has been observed as 0.254494693. The intercept shows the range of risk involved. The intercept is shown in the middle range of the upper and lower value in graph. Conclusion The various strategies set by Spark Motors are focused to fulfill the long-term goals of the company. The overall analysis of the capital asset pricing model shows that the various types of multi factor factors used in the Fama- French model is more appropriate model for the purpose of evaluation of capital asset pricing model, which is oriented to provide the details on the three important factors such as- market factor, size of the firm and BTM factor and proved itself for being a more valid model for predicting the future returns. Reference List Acheampong, P., Swanzy, S. K. (2015). An Empirical Investigation into the Applicability of Fama-French Three Factor Model in Explaining Portfolio Returns: Evidence from Non-Financial Firms on the Ghana Stock Exchange. International Journal of Financial Research, 7(1), p75. Balcet, G., Commisso, G., Calabrese, G. (2013). Structuring and restructuring Fiat-Chrysler: can two weak carmakers jointly survive in the new automotive arena?. International Journal of Automotive Technology and Management, 13(2), 183-197. Chorafas, D. N. (2015). Ethics and Efficiency in Manufacturing and Services. In Business Efficiency and Ethics (pp. 225-246). Palgrave Macmillan US. Cova, B., Pace, S., Skln, P. (2015). Marketing with working consumers: The case of a carmaker and its brand community. Organization, 22(5), 682-701. Drauz, R. (2013). In search of a Chinese internationalization theory: a study of 12 automobile manufacturers. Chinese Management Studies, 7(2), 281-309. Fawcett, S. E., Fawcett, A. M. (2013). The Definitive Guide to Order Fulfillment and Customer Service: Principles and Strategies for Planning, Organizing, and Managing Fulfillment and Service Operations. Pearson Education. Maniak, R., Midler, C., Beaume, R., Pechmann, F. (2014). Featuring capability: How carmakers organize to deploy innovative features across products. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(1), 114-127. Swayne, L. E., Duncan, W. J., Ginter, P. M. (2012). Strategic management of health care organizations. John Wiley Sons. Vervaeke, M., Calabrese, G. (2015). Prospective design in the automotive sector and the trajectory of the Bluecar project: an electric car sharing system. International Journal of Vehicle Design, 68(4), 245-264. WORK, D. T., SPEND, E., LARGE, A., PLAN, B. S. (2014). Making Human Resource Management Strategic. Human Resource Management, 38.

Application Ordered Classification Modeling -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Application Ordered Classification Modeling? Answer: Introducation The research aims to find out the effect of colour on the creativity of children in learning spaces. It has been found that the presence of vibrant colours indoor have been seen to fast pace the learning process in children. A detailed research has been conducted in the later sections for finding out sufficient evidences for supporting the analysis. Rationale of the research Colour is one of the most important attributes of learning during the childhood days. In designing of kid spaces colour serves as an important building block. As commented by Blair and Raver (2014), bright colours have been associated with emotional well being in children. In mathematics colour recognition is used to sort, categorise, compare and operations learning. Some of the colours such as red can be used to teach the children regarding danger signs. As mentioned by Tatsuoka et al. (2016), colour is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum and consists of both wavelength and frequency. Colour can connect the neuropathways of the brain and enhance the learning process in children (Francis-Williams 2014). For example, children have been seen to take profound interest upon learning a subject on provision of a colourful textbook rather than boring and extensive written matter. Further research and experiments have shown that brightful colours can produce calming effect in children by helping them cope up with learning difficulties. As mentioned by Duncan et al. (2018), colour brings about a positive reflex by increasing perspiration. The effect produced by individual colours varies in children, as the ones producing calming effect in one child may excite the other children. As reported by Wright et al. (2017), the blue colour has been seen to favour creativity amidst a relaxing and cool environment. A range of other colours have been seen to promote different expressions in children. Here, red has been seen as excess stimulus and initiate strong responses in children. Yellow has been seen to initiate happiness in children. The colour when used in study rooms have been seen to enhance concentration, whereas green have been seen to promote better health in children. As argued by Tatsuoka et al. (2016), pink has been seen to lower the palpitation rates in children, whereas orange enhances critical thinking and memory patterns in growing children. However, the response pattern varies widely across children of different age groups. It involves neurocritical factors along with psychological emotions triggered by different colours (Duncan et al. 2018). Though sufficient amount of research has been conducted elucidating the effect of colours on enhancing learning and development in children, there lays a number of biases. This is because each child has been seen to react differently to individual colours, their textures and warmth. The research here has been undertaken in order to understand the cause of the literature biases as well as remove them. Research objectives and outcome The objectives of the research can be divided into a number of components which helps in arriving at acceptable results. The primary aim is to study the importance of colours in enhancing the learning process in children. This is because the colours have been seen to produce variable responses in children along with producing a strong effect on concentration and memory (Kovacs et al. 2015). In this section a number of research objectives will be framed which will be explored in the due course of the research. Some of the research objectives are: To understand the relationship between colours and children To critically evaluate the effect of colours on learning spaces of children To critically identify the outcome of colours on the creativity of children In the following section a well researched review based upon secondary literature sources will be provided for highlighting the importance of colours in shaping up the learning process in children. The literature review will be critically evaluated base upon a number of theories and models. The literature review will be followed by a research methodology, where a number of inquiry systems will be compared in order to find out the best suited method. Additionally, the methods used for planning the research for a year will also be provided. For the following research the data will be collected using survey initiated through playful activities. Here, the kids will be asked to pick up cue cards from a bunch of cards of different colours. Each time a specific cue card picked up by a child will help in identification of the preferable colour options of the child (AL?Ayash et al. 2016). For the conduct of the process consent will be taken from the parents of the children as well as the teachers and the administrative staff catering to the learning needs of the children within the kindergarten. Comparison of system of inquiry The systems of inquiry can be divided into three different types such as an inductive, deductive and abductive approach. In inductive reasoning theories and observations are proposed at the end of the research (Creswell and Poth 2017). The inductive approach helps in development of theories through testing patterns and resemblances. In inductive analysis, the researcher initially develops empirical generalisations and gradually tests the preliminary relationships as they progress through the research. In inductive reasoning the researcher uses as bottoms-up approach in which the researcher uses observation to develop a clear picture of the topic under study (Brannen 2017). A deductive approach on the other hand develops a hypothesis based on existing theories. The approach adopted over here is shifting from a particular aspect to a more general aspect. Deductive approach is based upon deriving conclusions from prior stated hypothesis. As argued by Mertens (2014), there are a number of benefits of using deductive approaches in researches such as the one is supported by abundant resources. It follows the path of logic more closely and is supported by already published articles and journals. As mentioned by Creswell and Poth (2017), the approach is not just based on mere observations and data and therefore the chances of committing mistakes are less over here. The abductive approach helps in overcoming the weakness or the loopholes attached with both the deductive and inductive approaches. The deductive approach lacks clarity regarding the method of selection of appropriate theories to be tested. As argued by Mertens (2014), inductive reasoning mentions that no empirical data are sufficient in building of relevant theories. Abductive reasoning on the other hand adopts a pragmatist perspective (Barrett et al. 2015). In abductive approach, the research process starts with a puzzle or question, which is evaluated through the course of the research in order to arrive at a justifiable result. The researcher combines numerical and cognitive reasoning for arriving at a well accepted solution. However, as argued by Merriam and Tisdell (2015), the abductive reasoning is based upon incomplete observations and therefore always may not be true; whereas the deductive reasoning helps in arriving at a specific conclusion from a generalised theory. For the current research, a deductive approach will be used by the researcher as the approach helps in establishing a relationship between the variables and concepts. The methods will help in business-law of the concepts quantitatively. It will help in arriving at a more generalised theory from particular data and observations. The quantitative methods used will help in the establishment of statistically significant results. Additionally, for conducting the research a post positivism philosophy will be used by the researcher which will adhere to factual knowledge gained through observations (Meyers et al. 2016). This will further support the deductive research approach adopted by the author. Methods used in planning of the research: The research identifies the impact of colours on the learning spaces of children in kindergarten. Though, previous research attempts had been undertaken in the same area number of research gaps exists. The study will help in removing the biases and arrive at a more comprehensive theory. A case study/combined method will be used for the current research study where sufficient data will be gathered from secondary literature sources. Additionally, an experimental research design will be used over here through which the relationship between different dependent and independent variable will be established (McCusker and Gunaydin 2015). Here, the learning and creativity in children will be treated as dependent variables whereas colours would be treated as independent variable. In the current research positivist research philosophy will be chosen where the data will be collected through sufficient numerical data and factual knowledge. It will help the researcher in arriving at statistically significant results. The positivist philosophy will help in reducing the phenomenon to the simplest results (Creswell and Creswell 2017). Rationale for the research strategy A case study analysis will be used to conduct the research study where data will be collected from different literature sources. In this respect, a number of secondary databases will be used by the researcher such as NCBI, Pubmed, etc. The case study analysis will help in focusing upon the loopholes in the existing knowledge by comparison with sufficient evidences gathered from similar experimental designs (Van Manen 2016). The experimental design adopted will help the researcher in establishing the relationship between different variables, where tightly controlling one variable can produce significant results on the other variable (Berger 2015). The experimental design will further help the researcher in testing particular theories. As commented by Byers et al. (2014), a comparative study through different case study analysis can help in removing the biases of the established facts and theories. Data collection and analysis techniques The method of data collection could be divided into two basic types which are-primary data collection methods and secondary data collection methods. The primary data collection method uses survey and interviews for the collection of the data, whereas the secondary data collection focuses upon data collection through studying important journals and online databases (Moser and Kalton 2017). In the current study, the researcher will be using use mixed methods for collection of data. A number of secondary databases will be used by the researcher for understanding- the relationship between colours and children. It has been noted that the construction and decoration of a place often acts as a stimulus for shaping positive thoughts within an individual (Fellows and Liu 2015). For the analysis of the data two different types of data analysis methods could be mentioned over here which are qualitative and quantitative analysis. In this research primary quantitative data collection methods will be used by the researcher. The quantitative methods will help in arriving at statistically significant results, where the results will be represented as significant percentage (McCusker and Gunaydi 2015). A survey questionnaire will be used over here where the children will be given a number of cure cards of different colours. They would be made part of fun activities where they would be asked to pick up cue cards randomly at the end of the exercise. The colours selected by them would represent their individual preferences for colours, which could be used in designing their learning spaces (Groat and Wang 2013). The exercise will be repeated under different situations for understanding- the effect colour produces on the creativity of children in learning spaces. Ethical considerations In this study both primary quantitative and secondary data collection process will be used by the researcher. However, for conducting the experimental study with the children, consent needs to be taken from their parents. The children should not be forced to participate in the experimentation process in the absence of their parents, as this will be a breach of research ethics. The case studies used for conducting the research study should be provided with bibliography or full reference list. This will help in avoiding plagiarism along with maintaining the ownership rights. Additionally, conducting the experiment in a room adorned with warm colours could generate positive participatory spirits within the children (Moloney et al. 2015). Conclusion The aim of the research is to understand the effect of colours in enhancing learning and creativity in kindergarten children. The research will aim at removing the biases from the different literature sources cited. The use of case studies along with survey will help in collection of both primary and secondary research data. The comparison through the different data collected will help in arriving at an absolute result. Sequence of the methods in addressing the research aim For the current research study, the researcher will use a case study analysis with quantitative survey. The literature analysis will be done by the researcher from week 1 through week 5. The analysis of different case studies report will allow the researcher to find out the research gap. In order to analyse the research gap, the researcher will conduct a survey. Additionally, following an experimental design will help the researcher in drawing a relationship with the existing theories. Since, it is a one year study therefore, the comparative analysis will help the researcher in coping up with the lack of resources. Method for 11 week thesis The primary and secondary research methodology used in the current study helps in gathering and the comparison of data. The secondary data collected in the research process will be grouped into similar dissimilar data. The similar data will be made into themes which will be further used for doing thematic analysis. There is no hard and fast rule regarding the number of case studies to be selected for doing the assignment. However as mentioned by Vaux and Wang (2016), the research question and the amount of time allotted for conducting the study is crucial in understanding the effect of the attributes upon one another. Similarly, the survey conducted will help in the collection of practical data. The quantitative data collected will be used by the researcher for presentation of statistically significant results. In the current study, the time frame of the research will be limited to 11 weeks only. Here, more than one case study will be used for doing the analysis. This is because if sufficient data cannot be gathered from a single source of literature, other literature sources could be tampered. We will start with the secondary analysis by selecting multiple numbers of case studies. Ultimately we will narrow down to a selected few which will be referred to by us for conducting the research study. The case studies with relatively current data will be selected first whereas the rest will be kept as back up for later referral. The selection of the case studies will be done within the first three weeks from the start of the research plan. We will start the survey process from the fifth week onwards where the children will be provided with a number of cue cards of different colours. The selection of the cue cards will help in understanding the preferences of colours of the children. The same activity will be repeated in different scenarios and the responses of the children noted. The number of selections made by the children through the activity will be used by the researcher as important data which will be used for the formulation of statistically significant results (Moloney et al. 2015). Consent taking and approval forms an important component of the entire research design. In this respect, intimation forms need to be distributed amongst the parents of the kindergarten children three weeks prior to the beginning of the exercise. The case study analysis and the quantitative data collection will run almost parallel to each other. The primary and secondary data will be critically analysed in order to remove the biases from the research process. Research plan for 11 week thesis Timeline/research plan- Activities Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Literature analysis Development of thesis, aim, objectives and rationale Finalising proposal with supervisor Analysis of the work of different authors to understand the literature gap Gathering of case study reports Collection of quantitative data through survey process Analysis of primary and secondary data and preparation of a draft for submission Receiving feedback from the professor. Submission of the final draft Gantt chart (Source: author) References AL?Ayash, A., Kane, R.T., Smith, D. and Green?Armytage, P., 2016. The influence of color on student economics, heart rate, and performance in learning environments.Color Research Application,41(2), pp.196-205. Barrett, P., Davies, F., Zhang, Y. and Barrett, L., 2015. The impact of classroom design on pupils' learning: Final results of a holistic, multi-level analysis.Building and Environment,89, pp.118-133. Berger, R. 2015. Now I see it, now I dont: Researchers position and reflexivity in qualitative research.Qualitative research,15(2), 219-234. Bernard, H.R., 2017.Research methods in anthropology: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Lanham:Rowman Littlefield, pp. 122-235. Blair, C. and Raver, C.C., 2014. Closing the achievement gap through modification of neurocognitive and neuroendocrine function: Results from a cluster randomized controlled trial of an innovative approach to the education of children in kindergarten.PloS one,9(11), p.2393. Brannen, J. ed., 2017.Mixing methods: Qualitative and quantitative research.Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 105-235. Byers, T., Imms, W. and Hartnell-Young, E., 2014. Making the case for space: The effect of learning spaces on teaching and learning.Curriculum and Teaching,29(1), pp.5-19. Creswell, J.W. and Creswell, J.D., 2017.Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. London:Sage publications, pp. 55-75. Creswell, J.W. and Poth, C.N., 2017.Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. London:Sage publications, pp. 75-125. Denscombe, M., 2014.The good research guide: for small-scale social research projects. Pennysylvania: McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 235-315. Duncan, R.J., Schmitt, S.A., Burke, M. and McClelland, M.M., 2018. Combining a kindergarten readiness summer program with a self-regulation intervention improves school readiness.Early Childhood Research Quarterly,42, pp.291-300. Fellows, R.F. and Liu, A.M., 2015.Research methods for construction. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, pp. 125-213. Francis-Williams, J., 2014.Children with specific learning difficulties: The effect of neurodevelopmental learning disorders on children of normal intelligence. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 125-252. Groat, L.N. and Wang, D., 2013.Architectural research methods. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, pp. 54-89. Kovacs, M., Yaroslavsky, I., Rottenberg, J., George, C.J., Baji, I., Benk, I., Dochnal, R., Halas, K., Kiss, E., Vetr, . and Kapornai, K., 2015. Mood repair via attention refocusing or recall of positive autobiographical memories by adolescents with pediatric?onset major depression.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry,56(10), pp.1108-1117. McCusker, K. and Gunaydin, S., 2015. Research using qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods and choice based on the research.Perfusion,30(7), pp.537-542. Merriam, S.B. and Tisdell, E.J., 2015.Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, pp. 156-189. Mertens, D.M., 2014.Research and evaluation in education and psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. London: Sage publications, pp.205-319. Meyers, L.S., Gamst, G. and Guarino, A.J., 2016.Applied multivariate research: Design and interpretation. London: Sage publications, pp. 125-245. Moloney, J., Twose, S. and Smitheram, J., 2015. The method is design: towards a handbook of design research tactics.Studio futures: changing trajectories in architectural education, pp.147-153. Moser, C.A. and Kalton, G., 2017.Survey methods in social investigation. Abingdon:Routledge, pp. 126-218. Palinkas, L.A., Horwitz, S.M., Green, C.A., Wisdom, J.P., Duan, N. and Hoagwood, K., 2015. Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research.Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research,42(5), pp.533-544. Storkel, H.L., Voelmle, K., Fierro, V., Flake, K., Fleming, K.K. and Romine, R.S., 2017. Interactive book reading to accelerate word learning by kindergarten children with specific language impairment: Identifying an adequate intensity and variation in treatment response.Language, speech, and hearing services in schools,48(1), pp.16-30. Tatsuoka, C., McGowan, B., Yamada, T., Espy, K.A., Minich, N. and Taylor, H.G., 2016. Effects of extreme prematurity on numerical skills and executive function in kindergarten children: An application of partially ordered classification modeling.Learning and individual differences,49, pp.332-340. Van Manen, M., 2016.Phenomenology of practice: Meaning-giving methods in phenomenological research and writing. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 57-78. Vaux, D. and Wang, D., 2016. Ethos?Intensive Objects: Toward a management Framework for Identifying Complex Client Cultures.Journal of Interior Design,41(4), pp.13-27. Wright, A., Gottfried, M.A. and Le, V.N., 2017. A Kindergarten Teacher Like Me: The Role of Student-Teacher Race in Social-Emotional Development.American Educational Research Journal,54(1_suppl), pp.78S-101S.